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The institute also has the public duties of advice, consultation and control for the Ministry of Health in all fields where human and animal health are at potential or actual danger, and requires evidence-based advice. As such, it is the reference body of the Health Minister for any bioterrorism attacks and natural emergencies. Four departments are mainly involved in the field of food-borne zoononses: Infectious diseases, Veterinary Medicine, Food, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics. The Veterinary Medicine Department also coordinates a network of 10 regional Veterinary Laboratories (Istituti Zooprofilattici Sperimentali) which are involved in the diagnosis of animal infectious diseases and in the surveillance of zoonotic agents. The research and surveillance activities include bacterial zoonoses (E.coli O157 and other VTEC, salmonella, campylobacter, listeria, brucella, C. botulinium), Norovirus and other foodborne viruses, and parasites like Cryptosporidium, Trichinella, Toxoplasma and Echinococcus. Antibiotic resistance is studied in zoonotic bacterial pathogens at the level of genetic determinants and their vectors. In the area of food safety, ISS is involved in the development of methodologies for the control of food and feed microbial contaminants. ISS has special expertise and active research programs for rapid microbial identification and molecular typing by different methods. ISS is presently involved in many EC-funded surveillance activities and research projects dealing with food-borne zoonoses.
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